An investigation into the occurrence of sewage fungus in rivers containing papermill effluents—I. Review of previous research

Wastewaters from the manufacture of pulp and paper have given rise to problems of excessive microbial growth in rivers over a number of years. This paper is the first in a series of four articles describing research undertaken by PIRA at four U.K. paper/board mills (one integrated with pulp production) over the period 1978–1980. This first paper briefly reviews the published literature on sewage fungus growth from pulp and paper mill discharges up to 1978, but mainly describes previously unpublished work undertaken by PIRA over the period 1965–1975. This introductory paper thus provides a state-of-the-art review of methods to control sewage fungus growth from pulp and paper mill effluents prior to commencement of the research described in the following three articles.     

活性炭吸附处理制罐生产废水的试验研究

针对物化法处理制罐废水出水CODCr不达标的问题,采用活性炭吸附对经物化法处理后的出水进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,粉状活性炭处理物化处理后的制罐废水,活性炭的最佳投加量为12.5kg/m3,吸附最佳接触吸附时间15min,饱和吸附容量279g/kg.活性炭吸附处理该废水后,出水CODCr小于150mg/L,可满足《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中的二级标准中的要求.     

Environmental Implications of Treatment of Coastal Sewage Discharges

The environmental implications of implementing the requirement for treatment of coastal sewage prior to discharge, which were put forward in an EC draft Directive on municipal waste-water treatment, are examined. In order to establish the current situation, the results of a national survey of coastal and estuarine sewage discharges are presented. A review of the impact of sewage discharges on the marine environment is presented in conjunction with an assessment of the impact of sewage-treatment processes on the land and in the air. These aspects are integrated into overall conclusions about net environmental impact. Finally, a decision-tree approach to the assignment of priority to additional action required at individual locations is developed.     

复合厌氧工艺处理生活污水的快速启动研究

采用两段式UASB＋AF复合厌氧反应器处理生活污水，着重研究了其快速启动的条件。结果表明，水解酸化段无需调节pH，运行20d后对COD的去除率即可达60％左右且保持稳定；甲烷化段受pH的影响较大，利用Na2CO3和NaHCO3的混合液调节该段进水的pH值在6．8～7．2之间，6d后对COD的去除率即可稳定地保持在30％左右。启动期内，温度对水解酸化段的影响不大，但显著影响甲烷化段，在试验条件下，甲烷化反应的最佳温度为30℃；在水解酸化段不设混合液回流、甲烷化段设置混合液回流的条件下，最佳的回流方式为：间隔2h回流10S。采取上述优化措施后，系统的启动时间可缩短到30d以内，仅为常规厌氧工艺启动时间（3～6个月）的1／3～1／6，反应器的运行效率得到了大幅度提高。     

Kinetics of heavy metal bioleaching from sewage sludge—II. Mathematical model

A conceptual model of the overall process of metal bioleaching from sewage sludge has been developed on the basis of experimental observations. Sludge pH was identified as the parameter which controls bacterial growth and thus the overall process. Quantitative relationships among the various process parameters were incorporated in the conceptual model, giving a mathematical model for the process. Bacterial growth, sulfate concentration and pH profiles simulated using the model were found to match experimental observations. The degree of solubilization of each metal was found to depend on the sludge pH and the type of the sludge and is given as a set of solubilization curves.     

非开挖技术在城市污水管道施工中的应用

本文介绍了非开挖技术施工工艺在城市污水管道施工中具体的应用情况,解决了在市政建设中传统开挖技术所无法解决的问题,取得了很好的经济效益和社会效应。     

引水冲污工程流量的分析与确定

通过对福州市近年来实施的引水冲污工程中有关引水流量的问题进行了分析,并提出了确定引水流量的方法。     

提高污水处理设施运营资金使用效率的几点建议

在详细分析我国城市污水处理设施发展现状的基础上 ,针对目前设施运营资金利用率低下、资金使用混乱等严重阻碍污水处理设施良性运营的局面 ,提出了提高污水处理设施运营资金使用效率的几点建议。     

重力出流式MBR处理生活污水及毛纺废水

针对膜生物反应器(MBR)能耗高的问题，开发了一种利用生物反应区内液位水头的重力出流式MBR。采用该反应器处理生活污水和毛纺废水，处理出水水质达到了《城市污水再生利用——城市杂用水水质》(GB／T 18920-2002)标准。试验结果表明：选择合适的曝气量不仅有助于提高膜通量、有利于控制膜污染，还有利于生物反应器中氧的传递。MBR系统中污泥浓度为12g／L、表观气速从O．028m／s上升到O．085m／s时，混合液中与清水中氧总转移系数的比值基本维持在O．27～O．29的水平。     

The Production of High-Quality Effluents in Sewage Treatment Using the Biocarbone Process

The Biocarbone process is a new system for water and effluent purification in which biological treatment and physical filtration take place in the same reactor. Because the use of the process for tertiary treatment of sewage effluent had not been fully investigated, a pilot-scale evaluation was undertaken at Severn Trent's Wigston sewage-treatment works. This paper presents the results.
The study corroborates performance information published by the manufacturer. It shows that the process is an alternative to conventional technology for producing fully-nitrified tertiary effluents having low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS) concentrations.